Quantum Computers

Will we ever have the amount of computing power we need or want? If, asMoore's Law states, the number of transistors on a microprocessor continues to double every 18 months, the year 2020 or 2030 will find the circuits on a microprocessor measured on an atomic scale. And the logical next step will be to create quantum computers, which will harness the power of atoms and molecules to perform memory and processing tasks. Quantum computers have the potential to perform certain calculations significantly faster than any silicon-based computer.
The field of quantum computing was first introduced by Richard Feynman in 1982.Although quantum computing is still in its infancy, experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of Qubits (quantum bits). Both practical and theoretical research continues.It is believed that a Quantum Computer can store data in the range of 2^500 bits.
Development in the field of Quantum Computing
2000

Researchers at IBM-Almaden Research Center developed what they claimed was the most advanced quantum computer to date in August. The 5-qubit quantum computer was designed to allow the nuclei of five fluorine atoms to interact with each other as qubits,be programmed by radio frequency pulses and be detected by NMR.

2005

The Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the University of Innsbruck announced that scientists had created the first qubyte, or series of 8 qubits, using ion traps.

2007

Canadian startup company D-Wave demonstrated a 16-qubit quantum computer. The computer solved asudoku puzzle and other pattern matching problems.
Its Applications
If functional quantum computers can be built, they will be valuable in factoring large numbers, and therefore extremely useful for decoding and encoding secret information. If one were to be built today, no information on the Internet would be safe. Our current methods of encryption are simple compared to the complicated methods possible in quantum computers. Quantum computers could also be used to search large databases in a fraction of the time that it would take a conventional computer. Other applications could include using quantum computers to study quantum mechanics, or even to design other quantum computers.

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